Chapter 1: Introduction with concepts
    
    Concepts 1: SQL definition
        Define SQL
        DDL
        DML
        DCL
        TCL

    Concepts 2: Oracle constraints
        Primary Key
        Unique Key
        Foreign Key
        Check constraint
        NOT NULL constraint
        Default constraint
    
    Concepts 3: SQL JOINS, Oracle JOIN methods and SET OPERATORS
        INNER JOIN
        NATURAL JOIN
        LEFT OUTER JOIN
        RIGHT OUTER JOIN
        FULL OUTER JOIN
        SELF JOIN
        CARTESIAN JOIN
        Issue in LEFT, RIGHT and FULL outer join while using the filter criteria
        SQL Joins convert into Oracle internal Join methods
        Nested Loops join methods
        Hash join methods
        Sort Merge join methods
        SET OPERATORS
        UNION/UNION ALL/INTERSECT and correlation with Joins
    
    Concepts 4: SQL functions and regular expressions
        NVL2
        Coalesce correlation with NVL and CASE
        DECODE
        CASE
        REGEXP_INSTR
        REGEXP_SUBSTR
        REGEXP_REPLACE
        REGEXP_LIKE
        REGEXP_COUNT
        EXTRACTVALUE
        EXTRACT
    
    Concepts 5: Fast full index scan
        Definition of FFIS
        Usage of explain plan command
        DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY different level of explain plan output
    
    Concepts 6: Index JOIN scan
    
    Concepts 7: Indexing on null column rows
        Create index on expression
        Create function based index on NVL function
    
    Concepts 8: Proper Usage of DISTINCT and column list ordering for insert
        Usage of DISTINCT to reduce processing time of query
        Column list ordering issue in a table and solution
    
    Concepts 9: SQL optimization and different types of Statistics
        What is Statistics?
        Function statistics and use
        Extended statistics and use
        Explicitly generated extended statistics
        Implicitly generated extended statistics
        Ways to refactor code
    
    Concepts 10: Table compression/Index compression in 12c
        Compress for OLTP
        Space regained by compression
        Index compression (Rebuild/Create)
        Advanced Index compression in 12c
    
    Concepts 11: Partition pruning
    
    Concepts 12: Context switch
    
    Concepts 13: Database server and normalization
        Database server
        Normalization
        1NF
        2NF
        3NF
        Objective of normalization
        Introduction of limited redundancy for performance
    
    Concepts 14: Oracle SKIP LOCKED and DDL_LOCK_TIMEOUT in 11g
        FOR UPDATE issue
        FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
        DDL_LOCK_TIMEOUT
    
    Concepts 15: Index usage with LIKE operator
    
    Concepts 16: Materialized view
    
    Concepts 17: Hierarchical Query
        Definition
        CONNECT BY PRIOR
        START WITH
        Sorting using "Order siblings by"
        Break rows into column
        Get last 7 days
        New record generation using CONNECT BY
        Example to find all possible bus routes to reach from point A to point E
        CONNECT_BY_ROOT
        SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
        NOCYCLE
    
    Concepts 18: SGA, UGA and PGA
        SGA
        UGA
        PGA
        Calculate how much PGA and UGA memory is used
    
    Concepts 19: Useful queries
        Convert number into words
        Day of month
        First day of a month
        Last day of a month
        Working week dates for a week
        Number of days between two dates
        Get user db information of a system using sys_context
        Showing system privileges
        Get DDL for a table
        Get object privileges
        Setting the current schema
        Resizing tablespace
        Current size of database
        Space left in database
        Size occupied by data by one schema
    
    Concepts 20: PL/SQL Compiler
    Concepts 21: PL/SQL Optimizer
    Concepts 22: PL/SQL Cursor
        Definition of Cursor
        Why Cursor should be closed
        Solution for invalid cursor error
        Solution for fetch out of sequence error
        ROWID perform better than primary key in cursor "FOR LOOP" example
        For update statement in Cursor select
        
    Concepts 23: Cursor variable
        Definition of Cursor variable
        Strongly typed Cursor variable
        Weakly typed Cursor variable
        Built in cursor variable SYS_REFCURSOR
        Restriction of using cursor variable in package spec
        Few notable points about cursor variable

    Concepts 24: Cursor expressions
        Definition of cursor expressions
        How it works with and without cursor expression
    
    Concepts 25: PL/SQL RECORD 
        Defining PL/SQL records
        Referencing PL/SQL records
        Few notable points about record
    
    Concepts 26: PL/SQL INDEX by Table
        Defining PL/SQL INDEX BY table
        Referencing PL/SQL index by table
        Few notable points about index by tables
    
    Concepts 27: PL/SQL nested Table 
        Defining Nested table
        Referencing PL/SQL nested table
        Difference between index by and nested table
        Initialization and extension of nested table
        Resolution of uninitialized collection error with and without bulk collect

    Concepts 28: VARRAY
        Defining PL/SQL VARRAY
        Referencing PL/SQL VARRAY
        Difference between varray and nested table
        Difference between varray and index by table
        Collection methods with example

    Concepts 29: Exception handling
        Defining exception
        Pre-defined Oracle exceptions
        User defined oracle exception using PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT
        Business exceptions
    
    Concepts 30: Native dynamic SQL and Bulk binding 
        Construct for NDS
        Object name or column name cannot be passed as bind variable and solution
        Bulk binding: SELECT using BULK COLLECT and DML using FORALL
        SAVE EXCEPTIONS
        SQL%BULK_ROWCOUNT
        INDICES OF clause to iterate over non-consecutive sparse collection
        Few notable points about bulk binding
    
    Concepts 31: STORED SUBPROGRAM
        Defining Stored subprogram
        Pass a function or procedure name as an argument to a stored subprogram
        Autonomous_transaction
        Pipelining table function
        DETERMINISTIC optimizer hint
        NOCOPY compiler hint
        DML inside a function and call from SQL SELECT
        Restriction of function to call from SQL SELECT
        Package function overloading and named/positional/mixed notation
        Package variables persistence in a session
        PRAGMA serially_reusable to reduce load on PGA
    
    Concepts 32: DEFINER/INVOKER rights and remote dependencies 
        Defining definer right model
        Defining invoker right model
        Few notable points with example regarding the model
        REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE
    
    Concepts 33: Trigger 
        Defining Trigger with example
        Few notable points about trigger
        _SYSTEM_TRIG_ENABLED parameter
    
    Concepts 34: Wrapping PL/SQL code, its limitation and solution to resolve in 11g
        Wrap utility to protect source code
        Limitations of WRAP utility:
        Resolution of limitation using DBMS_DDL
    
    Concepts 35: PL/SQL WARNINGS 
        PL/SQL warning to identify performance issue
        Example 1 performance issue
        Example 2 unnecessary code identification
        How to check warning flag in db
    
    Concepts 36: CONDITIONAL COMPILATION and dynamic COMMIT 
        Defining conditional compilation
        PLSQL_CCFLAGS
        Selection directive
        User defined inquiry directive
        Predefined inquiry directive
        Commit conditionally in an application
        Version independent code in an application
        Control on choosing different approach without touching a code
        Checking current conditional compilation settings

Chapter 2: Different viewpoint of Index for developer and dba (21 pages) 
    
    Tips 1: Function Based Index or Indexed Virtual column in 11g? 
        Function based index on user defined function
        Function based index on oracle defined function (e.g. UPPER)
        Virtual column on expression
        Virtual column on user defined function
        Virtual column on oracle defined function
        Example to compare FBI and VI
        Few notable points for comparative analysis of FBI and VI
    
    Tips 2: Invisible index and usage? 
        Defining invisible index
        Creation of invisible index
        How to use invisible index
        When to use invisible index
        Few notable points on invisible index
    
    Tips 3: Multiple indexes on same column in Oracle 12c? 
        How to create multiple indexes on same column
        Advantage of having multiple indexes on same column
    Tips 4: INDEX order in composite index or INDEX only access? 
    Tips 5: Table lock on parent table for missing index on foreign key column
        Issue with un-indexed foreign key
        Finding all un-indexed foreign key in a system
        Advantage of having index on foreign key
    Tips 6: Virtual indexes- INDEXES WITH NO SEGMENTS Benefits
        Defining virtual index
        Use of virtual index
        Creation of virtual index
        Checking virtual index in a system
    Tips 7: Oracle index skip scan case study run time drop from 4 hr. to 10 sec? 
        What is index skip scan?
        Interesting case study to improve performance manifold.
        Index range scan and index skip scan
        Different ways to use index for a default DATE column
        
    Tips 8: How to force optimizer to use or not use index? 
    
    Tips 9: Non Unique index with null values or not null value for the column? 
    
    Tips 10: Ordering table rows without using ORDER BY clause and steps to eliminate SORTING? 
        What is sorting?
        Avoid sorting using index
        Avoid sorting Using WHERE clause
        Avoid sorting using oracle hints
        Few notable points on elimination of sorting
        Internal data type conversion and optimizer ignore index
        Improper datatype and incorrect ordering
        Correct order (Without order by clause) using proper datatype
    
    Tips 11: Case study using “Index only scan” and DETERMINISTIC function for performance? 
        Defining Index only scan
        Few notable points on index only scan
        Case study to improve performance manifold by index only scan and deterministic function
    
    Tips 12: Primary key with UNIQUE index or NON-UNIQUE index? 
        Primary key association with unique index
        Primary key association with unique or non-unique index
        Associate primary key with different index
        Comparative analysis of primary key with UNIQUE index and NON-UNIQUE index
        Rebuilding of index online and offline mode
    
    Tips 13: When to use index and when not to use index
        When index is required
        Avoidance of index

Chapter 3: Analytical query and Inter-row Pattern matching

    Tips 1: Inter-rows W Pattern matching for stock price fluctuation using “MATCH_RECOGNISE” clause,
        Big Data influence in 12c? 
        Defining Pattern
        Examples of real life scenarios
        Finding “W” shape pattern in stock price using 12c “MATCH_RECOGNISE” clause
    
    Tips 2: Pivoting rows into column dynamically in 10g/11g
        Defining Pivot
        Solution to convert rows into columns using PIVOT in 11g
        Solution to convert rows into columns pre 11g
        Solution to convert row into column in 11g without PIVOT keyword
    
    Tips 3: Breaking a concatenated string to display as set of rows and set of columns?
        String broken to display as multiple columns
        String broken to display as multiple rows
    
    Tips 4: Find Inter-rows Specific colour Pattern for Animal colour registration prior to 12c and in 12c
        Using “MATCH_RECOGNISE” Clause? 4
        Find colour pattern prior to 12c Solution
        Find colour pattern in 12c Solution
    
    Tips 5: Find Inter-rows Specific pattern for consecutive same flag for 3 times prior to 12c and in 12c
        Using “MATCH_RECOGNISE” Clause? 7
        Find same consecutive flag prior to 12c Solution
        Find same consecutive flag in 12c Solution
    
    Tips 6: What is RANK, DENSE_RANK and ROW_NUMBER?
        Rank
        Dense_rank
        Row_number
    
    Tips 7: What is LEAD and LAG function?
        Lead
        Lag
    
    Tips 8: Top N query using row limiting clause in 12c?
        Top N rows using normal subquery
        Top N rows using analytic query
        Top N rows using 12c row limiting clause
        Get top 10 rows using 12c row limiting clause and “WITH TIES” option
        Get top 10 % of salaries using 12c row limiting clause
        Get 6th to 10th records from top 10 salary using 12c row limiting clause
    
    Tips 9: Result from view is different against result from table/mview created from that view, why?
    
    Tips 10: How to get latest version of data from each set of record in a table?
    
    Tips 11: How to pivot and unpivot prior to 11g and in 11g?
        Pivot using traditional sql join
        Pivot using CASE statement
        Pivot using oracle 11g PIVOT
        Unpivot using oracle 11g UNPIVOT

    Tips 12: How to Display the grouped data in one row?
    
    Tips 13: Assign dynamic page no through query (instead of application coding for the report)?
    
    Tips 14: Nullify the duplicate record for certain attribute only

Chapter 4: Flashback setup and data transfer to warehouse

    Tips 1: Why flashback was introduced?
    
    Tips 2: What is the improvement of flashback in Oracle 11g and how to configure flashback?
        Improvement in 11g flashback.
        Steps to configure flashback
    
    Tips 3: What is the flashback mechanism?
        11g flashback mechanism
        Advantage of 11g mechanism as compared to pre-11g flashback
    
    Tips 4: How to check if flashback is configured in your system and in your tables?
        Find flashback archive name/tablespace name
        Enable flashback
        Disable flashback
        Grant to run flashback query
    
    Tips 5: Flashback query using method “timestamp” OR “scn”? 0
        Timestamp based approach
        SCN based approach
        Comparison between two approaches
    
    Tips 6: Move all versions of flashback data from transactional db to warehouse using STATIC method?
        Rule to move data from transaction db to warehouse db
        Create necessary table and perform some DML
        Move data from transaction table to enterprise data warehouse table statically
    
    Tips 7: Move all versions of flashback data from transactional db to warehouse dynamically?
        Rule to move data from transaction db to warehouse db
        Move data from transaction table to enterprise data warehouse table dynamically
    
    Tips 8: Restore table which is dropped using flashback?
        Restore table using flashback
        Key points to remember
    
    Tips 9: Move specific date/time flashback data from transactional db to warehouse?
        “As of timestamp” approach
        “As of scn” approach
    
    Tips 10: How many time a particular attribute in a row modified using flashback?
    
    Tips 11: Improvement in auditing using flashback in 12c?
    
    Tips 12: Improvement in tracking history for security related table using flashback in 12c?
    
    Tips 13: Import and export of flashback version history in 12c?
        Start a group
        Assigning table to the group
        Enable flashback for the group
        Disable flashback for the group
        Remove certain table from the group
        Drop the group from DB
    
    Tips 14: Free Flashback archive and OPTIMIZE option in 12c?
    
    Tips 15: FLASHBACK magic exposed, Revealed for the first time
        Puzzle 1: AS OF TIMESTAMP clause it does not give data for the timestamp
        Puzzle 2: AS OF SCN clause does not give data for the timestamp
        Puzzle 3: AS OF TIMESTAMP clause get the column even if the column does not exist
        Puzzle 4: flashback version query fail when it is run in different time
    
Chapter 5: Sub query factoring using WITH clause (12 pages)

    Tips 1: WITH Clause in Oracle query give great performance?
        Subquery factoring
        Comparative analysis of WITH clause and conventional approach
    
    Tips 2: Different ways to pivot full rows (for all columns rows) into columns5
        All columns pivoting
        Using Pivot
        Using normal subquery:
        Using multiple WITH clause
    
    Tips 3: WITH Clause improvement in 12c?
        Inlining function/procedure from sql select
        Inlining function/procedure from PL/SQL
        “WITH_PLSQL” hint for select and update to eliminate error “unsupported use of WITH clause”
        Restriction on using WITH clause from sqldeveloper
    
    Tips 4: Reference a package constant from sql select in 12c?
        Comparative study of calling package constant from sql select in 12c and prior to 12c
    
    Tips 5: PRAGMA UDF to improve function call from SQL in 12c?
        Introduction of pragma UDF
        Comparative study using “WITH CLAUSE”, “PRAGMA UDF”
        Restriction of Pragma UDF

Chapter 6: Integration of similar concepts

    Tips 1: Oracle Object CACHE Using “Cache” or “Keep buffer pool” or Oracle 12c “IN-MEMORY column Store”?
        Caching/pinning object in general buffer cache
        Caching/pinning object in keep buffer cache
        Caching/pinning object in general buffer cache
        Caching/pinning object in the In-memory Column-store
        Example how to configure In-memory Column-store
        Example how to use IM-COLUMN store
        Scenario where IM column store is good or bad
    
    Tips 2: Result cache function or deterministic function or PL/SQL collection?
        Defining result-cached function
        Defining deterministic function
        Defining PL/SQL collection
        Comparative analysis with examples
        Restriction on using function result cache
    
    Tips 3: Function result cache or Oracle user Cache?
        Defining oracle user cache
        Comparative analysis with example
        
    Tips 4: Correlated update or merge or different approach to update?
        Defining correlated update
        Different approaches to update data
        Correlated subquery
        Example using correlated subquery
        Example using LATERAL keyword in 12c
        Example using inline view
        Example using normal subquery
        Case study with and without LATERAL keyword
    
    Tips 5: Oracle NOT IN clause or MINUS or JOIN or NOT EXISTS clause?
        Example using NOT IN method
        Example using MINUS method
        Example using JOIN method
        Example using NOT EXISTS method
        Few notable points about the usage
    
    Tips 6: Nested loop Join or hash join or parallelism or multi-threading?
        Example using nested loop join
        Example using hash join
        Example using parallelism
        Example using multi-threading
        Comparative analysis
    
    Tips 7: Use “Where” clause or “Having” clause?
        Filtering data using “WHERE” clause
        Filtering data using “HAVING” clause
    
    Tips 8: Use Oracle clause IN or EXISTS or DISTINCT And How to Refactor query to avoid “DISTINCT” Keyword from the query?
        Example using IN method
        Example using EXISTS method
        Example using DISTINCT method
        How to avoid DISTINCT
    
    Tips 9: Oracle IN clause or INTERSECT or JOIN clause?
        Performance using IN method
        Performance using INTERSECT method
        Performance using JOIN method
    
    Tips 10: Materialized view or SQL Result Cache in 11g?
        Comparative analysis of Materialized view and Result cache
    
    Tips 11: How to Convert a PL/SQL For loop update into SQL update or Merge for performance Improvement?
    
    Tips 12: Query refactoring for Hierarchical query “OR” clause or “UNION” clause?
        Example: OR clause with hierarchical query
        Solution for OR clause with hierarchical, improve response time more than 1000%
    
    Tips 13: Mutating trigger resolution using collection or Global temporary table?
        Solution for mutating error Using PL/SQL collection
        Solution for mutating error Using temporary table
    
Chapter 7: Generic know how on Oracle SQL for developer

    Tips 1: Invisible column in 12c
        Advent of invisible column
        How to see invisible column in a table
        How to create invisible column in a table
        How to create invisible column in a view
    
    Tips 2: Session level sequence in 12c?
        Session level sequence
        Global level sequence
        When to use session level sequence
    
    Tips 3: Extended data type in Oracle 12c?
        MAX_STRING_SIZE to extend Length of datatype
        Advantage of extended datatype
    
    Tips 4: Truncate table cascade in 12c and prior to 12c solution?
        Issue with Truncate prior to 12c
        Workaround to remove data prior to 12c
        ON DELETE CASCADE
        ON DELETE SET NULL
    
    Tips 5: Create default value for NULL column in 12c?
        Issue with default value prior to 12c
        12c Default value
    
    Tips 6: Auto-populate column using Sequence as Column default value in 12c?
        Prior to 12c auto-populate primary key
        12c auto-populate primary key using sequence
    
    Tips 7: Default primary key column value using IDENTITY type in 12c?
        12c auto-populate primary key using sequence
    
    Tips 8: Occurrence of substring in a string using new regular expression in 11g and prior to 11g
        Solution?
        Occurrence of substring in a string pre-11g solution
        Occurrence of substring in a string 11g solution

    Tips 9: Recursively expand sqltext of a view and find how parser rewrite the SQL in 12c?
        How to expand the oracle View in 12c?
        How parser rewrite your SQL code?
    
    Tips 10: Get distinct count of values across columns
        Count across column
        How count (*) is different from Count (column name)?
        Approximate distinct count in 12c
    
    Tips 11: Fully qualified column reference in Oracle SQL
    
    Tips 12: Advantage and disadvantage of Truncate and steps to check and reclaim unused space
        Advantage of Truncate
        Disadvantage of Truncate
        Defining High Water Mark
        Unused space after delete:
        Solution to reclaim space
    
    Tips 13: Ignore the LEFT OUTER JOIN result (unwanted records) from 3 or more table JOIN

    Tips 14: Control trigger firing using “FOLLOWS” and “PRECEDES” clause in 11g
    
    Tips 15: Improve performance using Oracle Aliases and impact of choosing wrong datatype
        Why aliases are required from performance point of view
        Impact of choosing wrong data type
        Solution using data model change
        Solution using data type conversion
    
    Tips 16: Minimize number of table look up and improve response time
        Ways to minimize table lookup
        Reducing lookup in SELECT
        Reducing lookup in UPDATE
    
    Tips 17: Un-interrupted database testing using SET TRANSACTION
        Setting oracle isolation level for uninterrupted testing
    
    Tips 18: Connection to sqlplus from command line and example of multiversioning and read Consistency.
        Multiversioning with example
        Ways to connect to sqlplus without tnsnames configured
    
    Tips 19: Danger of using “NOT IN” clause7
    
Chapter 8: Generic know how on Oracle PL/SQL for developer (27 Pages)
    
    Tips 1: Sensitive data masking using REDACTION
        Defining data masking using redaction
        Prior to 12c solution for data masking
        12c solution for full masking
        12c solution for using substituted value
    
    Tips 2: Define view to act like invoker right programmer unit in 12c
        Calling of invoker function from view prior to 12c
        Calling of invoker function from view in 12c using BEQUEATH clause
    
    Tips 3: PL/SQL code optimization by “inlining” in 11g
        Defining inlining
        Inlining using PRAGMA INLINE compiler directive
        Inlining by setting PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL parameter
    
    Tips 4: Implementation restriction in “FORALL” clause, solution prior to 11g and in 11g?
        Pre-11g solution for implementation restriction
        11g how it works
    
    Tips 5: Sequence fetching enhancement in 11g?
        Sequence fetching prior to 11g
        Sequence fetching in 11g as an expression
        How to use NEXTVAL/CURRVAL in select with distinct clause
    
    Tips 6: Continue statement in 11g?
    
    Tips 7: Performance improvement using Native compilation enhancement in 11g?
        Defining native compilation
        Native compilation pre-11g setup
        Native compilation 11g setup
        View current setting
    
    Tips 8: Restructuring error stack in 12c?
        UTL_CALL_STACK to display error content in 12c
    
    Tips 9: Restructuring backtrace in 12c?
        UTL_CALL_STACK to display backtrace content in 12c
    
    Tips 10: PL/SQL only data type support in “native dynamic SQL”, “SELECT call” and “as a bind Variable” in 12c?
        Defining PL/SQL only data type
        BOOLEAN data type in SQL SELECT in 12c and prior to 12c
        BOOLEAN data type as bind variable in 12c and prior to 12c
        ASSOCIATIVE ARRAY data type as bind variable in 12c and prior to 12c
        ASSOCIATIVE ARRAY data type as TABLE operator in 12c and prior to 12c
    
    Tips 11: White listing and accessible by clause in 12c?
        Defining white listing
        Implementation of white listing using ACCESSIBLE BY clause
    
    Tips 12: Invoker right code with Result_cache in 12c?
    
    Tips 13: Returning implicit statement result set in 12c?
        Returning resultset prior to 12c
        Returning resultset in 12c
    
    Tips 14: Improvement in conditional compilation in 12c?
    
    Tips 15: Improve performance using Oracle package initialization?
    
    Tips 16: How to match two input string for exact match with any combination?
    
    Tips 17: Improve performance by incorporating one parse and multiple execute use of BIND variable?
        Multiple parse multiple execute
        One parse multiple execute
        SQL INJECTION
        Advantage of using bind variable
    
    Tips 18: BULK OPERATION hinders performance and the solution?
        Why BULK operation perform best
        When BULK operation hinder performance
        What is the role of LIMIT clause on BULK OPERATION?
    
Chapter 9: Generic know how on oracle administration for developer and dba (30 Pages)
    
    Tips 1: Read only user can lock a system on a transaction, resolution in 12c?
        Read only user lock a table prior to 12c solution
        Read only user lock a table 12c solution
    
    Tips 2: How to find the value of bind variable while running the application?
    
    Tips 3: Granting a Role to PL/SQL subprogram instead of USER in 12c?
        Granting role to a user
        Granting role to a subprogram in 12c
        How to avoid security threat in 12c
    
    Tips 4: Adaptive query optimization and online stats gathering in 12c?
        Adaptive plan
        Adaptive statistics
        Online stats gathering
    
    Tips 5: Faster online table column addition in 12c?
        Addition of default column
        Issues on addition of default column
        Display the growth of table
    
    Tips 6: DDL LOGGING and ONLINE DDL in 12c?
    
    Tips 7: Foreign key is ignored in database?
    
    Tips 8: How to enhance performance by adjusting Oracle clustering Factor
    
    Tips 9: Oracle table Interval Partitioning
        Interval partitioning
        Rename a partition
        Modifying interval in a partition
    
    Tips 10: Adding multiple new Partition in 12c1
    
    Tips 11: Global temporary table enhancement
    
    Tips 12: How to forecast performance of Oracle system
        User calls
        Arrival rate
        CPU utilization
        Service time
        Response time
    
    Tips 13: Throughput and response time concept
        Defining Throughput
        Defining response time
        Top 5 queries with max disk usage
        Ways to improve the throughput
        Important thing to consider before using PARALLEL processing
        Ways to improve response time
    
    Tips 14: FGAC / VPD in Oracle with simple example
        Defining VPD/FGAC
        Create the policy function
        Add the policy
        Example how VPD works
    
    Tips 15: How to know all the dependent tables (parent and child) of any specific tables
    
    Tips 16: Blocking session and blocked session and top running queries
        Find blocking session and all the blocked sessions
        Find blocked object using v$LOCKED_OBJECT
        Find top 5 query for max I/O
        Find top 5 query for max elapsed/runtime
        Get the reason for wait
    
    Tips 17: Long running Oracle query predict the finish time
    
    Tips 18: Selectivity/Cardinality/histograms and its importance in performance tuning
        Selectivity
        Cardinality
        Selectivity of a column
        Selectivity of query/index
        Generate histogram statistics
        Finding histogram statistics in a table
    
    Tips 19: Find the OS of the server where oracle is running
    
    Tips 20: Find SQL in your application without bind variable
        Identify SQL that does not use bind variables
        Cursor_sharing parameter
        Dynamic performance view V$SYSSTAT
    
    Tips 21: Stats gathering improvement in 12c
        Oracle object stat
        Pre-12c stat gathering
        12c stat gathering in parallel
        Tips 22: SQL TRACE and TKPROF formatting?
        Setting sql trace
        Finding trace file name
        Convert trace file into txt file using TKPROF
    
    Tips 23: Fundamental of HEAT MAP in 12c
    
    Tips 24: Case insensitive unique constraint for a table column
        Defining Case insensitive unique constraint
        Solution 1: Using Virtual column
        Solution 2: Using function based index
    
    Tips 25: understanding ORA_ROWSCN and block number for table rows
        Defining ORA_ROWSCN
        Ora_rowscn at Block level (default)
        Ora_rowscn at Row level
        Getting number of blocks occupied by a table
        Getting number of rows associated with a block
        Getting all the rows associated with a block
        Use of ORA_ROWSCN on resolving LOST UPDATE
    
    Tips 26: Primary key with non-unique value, possible?