Option Explicit

Private mass_str() As String
Private keys_str() As String

Private cnt As Integer

' Функция получает ключ, по которой сортировать будем
Public Function GetSortKey(s As String) As String
 Dim i As Integer
 Dim i1 As Integer
 Dim i2 As Integer
 Dim str As String
 Dim n As String
 Dim tmp As String
 str = ""
 n = "ГОСТ "
 i = InStr(s, n)
 If i <>  0  Then
   str = str + "1"
   i = i + Len(n)
   i1 = InStr(i, s, "-")
   str = str + Format(Mid(s, i, i1 - i), "000000000")
  Else
   str = str + "0"
   n = "ОСТ "
   i = InStr(s, n)
   i = i + Len(n)
   i1 = InStr(i, s, ".")
   str = str + Format(Mid(s, i, i1 - i), "000")
   i = i1 +  1 
   i1 = InStr(i, s, ".")
   str = str + Format(Mid(s, i, i1 - i), "000")
   i = i1 +  1 
   i1 = InStr(i, s, "-")
   str = str + Format(Mid(s, i, i1 - i), "000")
 End If
 n = "Болт М"
 i = InStr(s, n)
 i = i + Len(n)
 i1 = InStr(i, s, "-")
 i2 = InStr(i, s, "х")
 If (i2 < i1) And (i2 <>  0 ) Then
  i1 = i2
 End If
 str = str + Format(Mid(s, i, i1 - i), "00")
 GetSortKey = str
End Function

Public Sub AddStr(s As String)
 ReDim Preserve mass_str(cnt)
 mass_str(cnt) = s
 cnt = cnt +  1 
End Sub

Public Sub PrintStr()
 Dim i As Integer
 For i =  0  To UBound(mass_str)
  Debug.Print mass_str(i)
 Next i
End Sub

Public Sub SortStr()
 Dim i As Integer
 Dim j As Integer
 Dim n As Integer
 Dim a1 As String
 Dim a2 As String
 Dim k1 As String
 Dim k2 As String
 n = UBound(mass_str)
 For i =  0  To n
  a1 = mass_str(i)
  k1 = GetSortKey(a1)
  For j = i +  1  To n
   a2 = mass_str(j)
   k2 = GetSortKey(a2)
   If k1 > k2 Then
    mass_str(j) = a1
    mass_str(i) = a2
    a1 = a2
    k1 = k2
   End If
  Next j
 Next i
End Sub

Public Sub test()
 cnt =  0 
 AddStr ("Болт М4-9gх55.109.40Х.019 ГОСТ 7796-70")
 AddStr ("Болт М34-9gх55.109.40Х.019 ГОСТ 7796-70")
 AddStr ("Болт М7-9gх55.109.40Х.019 ГОСТ 7796-70")
 SortStr
 PrintStr
End Sub