<ListBox FontSize="30" >
            <ListBox.ItemsPanel>
                <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    <Canvas/>
                </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemsPanel>
            <ListBox.ItemsSource>
                <coll:ArrayList>
                    <local:SmallExampClass PropInt="0" PropString="Первый"/>
                    <local:SmallExampClass PropInt="50" PropString="Второй"/>
                    <local:SmallExampClass PropInt="100" PropString="Третий"/>
                    <local:SmallExampClass PropInt="150" PropString="Четвёртый"/>
                    <local:SmallExampClass PropInt="200" PropString="Пятый"/>
                </coll:ArrayList>
            </ListBox.ItemsSource>
            <ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
                <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
                    <Setter Property="Template">
                        <Setter.Value>
                            <ControlTemplate>
                                <Border BorderThickness="5" Canvas.Left="{Binding PropInt}" BorderBrush="Brown" Margin="5">
                                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding PropString}" Margin="5"/>
                                </Border>
                            </ControlTemplate>
                        </Setter.Value>
                    </Setter>
                </Style>
            </ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
        </ListBox>

    <ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
      <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
        <Setter Property="Canvas.Left" Value="{Binding PropInt}" />
      </Style>

    <ListBox.Resources>
      <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:SmallExampClass}">

    public class ViewModel
    {
        public List<FigureClass> Figures { get; set; } = new List<FigureClass>();
    }

    public class FigureClass
    {
        public double Top { get; set; }
        public double Left { get; set; }
    }
    public class RectangleClass : FigureClass
    {
        public double Width { get; set; }
        public double Height { get; set; }
    }
    public class Circle: FigureClass
    {
        public double Radius { get; set; }
    }

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
                    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TwoDataTemplate">
    <local:ViewModel x:Key="ViewModel">
        <local:ViewModel.Figures>
            <local:RectangleClass Top="10" Left="20" Width="15" Height="25"/>
            <local:Circle Top="40" Left="10" Radius="40"/>
            <local:RectangleClass Top="70" Left="100" Width="30" Height="30"/>
            <local:Circle Top="100" Left="80" Radius="15"/>
        </local:ViewModel.Figures>
    </local:ViewModel>
    <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:RectangleClass}" x:Key="RectangleTemplate">
        <Rectangle Width="{Binding Width}" Height="{Binding Height}" Stroke="Red"/>
    </DataTemplate>
    <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:Circle}" x:Key="CircleTemplate">
        <Ellipse Height="{Binding Radius}" Width="{Binding ActualHeight, Mode=OneWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}" Stroke="Green"/>
    </DataTemplate>
</ResourceDictionary>

<Window x:Class="TwoDataTemplate.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TwoDataTemplate"
        mc:Ignorable="d" DataContext="{StaticResource ViewModel}"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="200" Width="200">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ResourceDictionary Source="MyDictionary.xaml"/>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListBox FontSize="30" ItemsSource="{Binding Figures}">
            <ListBox.Resources>
                <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:RectangleClass}">
                    <Rectangle Width="{Binding Width}" Height="{Binding Height}" Stroke="Red"/>
                </DataTemplate>
                <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:Circle}">
                    <Ellipse Height="{Binding Radius}" Width="{Binding ActualHeight, Mode=OneWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}" Stroke="Green"/>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListBox.Resources>
            <ListBox.ItemsPanel>
                <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    <Canvas/>
                </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemsPanel>
            <ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
                <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
                    <Setter Property="Canvas.Left" Value="{Binding Left}" />
                    <Setter Property="Canvas.Top" Value="{Binding Top}" />
                </Style>
            </ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
        </ListBox>
    </Grid>
</Window>