String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=test";
 try  
{     Class .forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
}  catch (Exception e) {....}

Statement stmt = getConnection().createStatement();
String query = "SELECT Value As [description] FROM ::fn_listextendedproperty (NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', 'Person', NULL, NULL)";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(query);
 try 
{    while  (rs.next())
    {
        String restult = rs.getString( 1 );
	....
    }
}
 catch  (Throwable se) { }

rs.close();
stmt.close();

String url = "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:3433/test";
 try  
{     Class .forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");
}  catch (Exception e) {....}

SELECT CAST ( value AS varchar(max) ) as description FROM ::fn_listextendedproperty ( NULL , 'user', 'dbo', 'table', 'Ваша таблица', 'column',  NULL )