this .getContentPane().getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT).put(
   KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_F, KeyEvent.CTRL_MASK, true), "search");

this.getRootPane().getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW).put(
	KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.KEY_PRESSED,  0 , true),
"search");

 import  java.awt.*;
 import  java.awt.event.*;
 import  javax.swing.*;

 public   class  KeyTest  extends  JFrame {

    public  KeyTest() {
      JPanel rootPanel =  new  JPanel();
      setContentPane(rootPanel);
      getContentPane().setLayout( new  BorderLayout());
      setSize( 100 ,  100 );
      rootPanel.add( new  JButton("foo"));
      rootPanel.getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT).put(
         KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(
            KeyEvent.VK_F, KeyEvent.CTRL_MASK, true), "search");

      rootPanel.getActionMap().put("search",  new  AbstractAction() {
             public   void  actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                System.out.println("Success");
            }
        });
      setVisible(true);
   }

    public   static   void  main(String[] args) {
       new  KeyTest();
   }
}