public class test {
  private static int size = 0;
  private static int[] source = null, target = null;
  private static Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();

  private static int[] alloc(int[] buffer, int size) {
    long start = System.nanoTime();
    buffer = new int[size];
    System.out.print(" Alloc " + (4L * buffer.length + 512*1024)/1024/1024 + " Mb in ");
    System.out.println((System.nanoTime() - start + 512*1024)/1024/1024 + " ms");
    return buffer;
  }

  private static void copy(int[] source, int[] target) {
    long start = System.nanoTime();
    System.arraycopy(source,0, target,0, source.length);
    System.out.print("  Copy " + (4L * source.length + 512*1024)/1024/1024 + " Mb in ");
    System.out.println((System.nanoTime() - start + 512*1024)/1024/1024 + " ms");
  }

  private static void stat() {
    System.out.print("Memory: " + (rt.totalMemory() + 512*1024)/1024/1024 + " Mb total / ");
    System.out.println((rt.freeMemory() + 512/1024)/1024/1024 + " Mb free");
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try { size = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); }
    catch (RuntimeException e) {}
    finally {}
    if (size < 1) size = 512;
    if (size > 1024) size = 512;
    size *= 1024*1024;

    stat();
    source = alloc(source,size);
    target = alloc(target,size+1024*1024);
    copy(source,target);
    stat();
    System.out.println("");
  }
}

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_152-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.152-b16, compiled mode)
//java ... test 127
Memory: 1472 Mb total / 1441 Mb free
 Alloc 508 Mb in 70 ms
 Alloc 512 Mb in 69 ms
  Copy 508 Mb in 175 ms
Memory: 1472 Mb total / 421 Mb free
//java ... test 128
Memory: 1472 Mb total / 1448 Mb free
 Alloc 512 Mb in 61 ms
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 9.0.1+11, compiled mode)
//java ... test 127
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 1533 Mb free
 Alloc 508 Mb in 259 ms
 Alloc 512 Mb in 278 ms
  Copy 508 Mb in 177 ms
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 512 Mb free
//java ... test 191
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 1533 Mb free
 Alloc 764 Mb in 407 ms
 Alloc 768 Mb in 395 ms
  Copy 764 Mb in 263 ms
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 0 Mb free

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (Zulu build 9.0.1.3+11, compiled mode)
//java ... test 127
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 1533 Mb free
 Alloc 508 Mb in 258 ms
 Alloc 512 Mb in 274 ms
  Copy 508 Mb in 171 ms
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 512 Mb free
//java ... test 191
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 1533 Mb free
 Alloc 764 Mb in 391 ms
 Alloc 768 Mb in 402 ms
  Copy 764 Mb in 262 ms
Memory: 1536 Mb total / 0 Mb free

[0.417s][info][pagesize] CodeHeap 'non-nmethods': 
 min=2496K max=6M base=0x000000000ab50000 page_size=4K size=6M
[0.418s][info][pagesize] CodeHeap 'profiled nmethods':
  min=2496K max=116M base=0x000000000b150000 page_size=4K size=116M
[0.419s][info][pagesize] CodeHeap 'non-profiled nmethods':
  min=2496K max=118M base=0x0000000012550000 page_size=4K size=118M
[0.420s][info][startuptime] StubRoutines generation 1, 0.0002589 secs
[0.422s][info][pagesize   ] Heap:
  min=1G max=1G base=0x00000000c0000000 page_size=2M size=1G
[0.424s][info][pagesize   ] Block Offset Table:
 req_size=2M base=0x000000001ae00000 page_size=2M alignment=2M size=2M
[0.427s][info][pagesize   ] Card Table:
 req_size=2M base=0x000000001b200000 page_size=2M alignment=2M size=2M
[0.428s][info][pagesize   ] Card Counts Table:
 req_size=2M base=0x000000001b400000 page_size=2M alignment=2M size=2M
[0.429s][info][pagesize   ] Prev Bitmap:
 req_size=16M base=0x000000001b600000 page_size=2M alignment=2M size=16M
[0.431s][info][pagesize   ] Next Bitmap:
 req_size=16M base=0x000000001c600000 page_size=2M alignment=2M size=16M
[0.458s][info][startuptime] Genesis, 0.0378632 secs
[0.458s][info][startuptime] TemplateTable initialization, 0.0000148 secs
[0.459s][info][startuptime] Interpreter generation, 0.0013156 secs
[0.473s][info][startuptime] StubRoutines generation 2, 0.0002304 secs
[0.473s][info][startuptime] MethodHandles adapters generation, 0.0000169 secs
[0.473s][info][startuptime] Start VMThread, 0.0001669 secs
[0.502s][info][startuptime] Initialize java.lang classes, 0.0286659 secs
[0.541s][info][startuptime] Initialize java.lang.invoke classes, 0.0372813 secs
[1.738s][info][startuptime] Create VM, 1.5220764 secs
Memory: 1024 Mb total / 1021 Mb free
[1.988s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(0) User=0.00s Sys=0.00s Real=0.00s
[2.255s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(1) User=0.03s Sys=0.00s Real=0.02s
[2.256s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(1) User=0.00s Sys=0.00s Real=0.00s
 Alloc 508 Mb in 263 ms
[2.265s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(2) User=0.00s Sys=0.00s Real=0.00s
[2.269s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(3) User=0.00s Sys=0.00s Real=0.00s
[2.574s][info][gc,cpu     ] GC(3) User=0.00s Sys=0.00s Real=0.00s
 Alloc 512 Mb in 298 ms
  Copy 508 Mb in 171 ms
Memory: 1024 Mb total / 0 Mb free
[2.766s][info][gc,heap,exit] Heap
[2.766s][info][gc,heap,exit]  garbage-first heap
   total 1048576K, used 1047286K
    [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000c0102000, 0x0000000100000000)
[2.766s][info][gc,heap,exit]
   region size 1024K, 2 young (2048K), 1 survivors (1024K)
[2.766s][info][gc,heap,exit]  Metaspace
       used 5105K, capacity 5146K, committed 5376K, reserved 1056768K
[2.766s][info][gc,heap,exit]   class space
    used 362K, capacity 386K, committed 512K, reserved 1048576K