CREATE TABLE "schema1"."mens" (
  "id" SERIAL, 
  "sex_id" INTEGER, 
  "name" VARCHAR( 20 ), 
  CONSTRAINT "table1_pkey" PRIMARY KEY("id"), 
  CONSTRAINT "mens_fk" FOREIGN KEY ("sex_id")
    REFERENCES "schema1"."sexs"("id")
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION
    NOT DEFERRABLE
) WITH OIDS;
CREATE TABLE "schema1"."sexs" (
  "id" BIGSERIAL, 
  "sex_name" VARCHAR( 20 ), 
  CONSTRAINT "sex_name_pkey" PRIMARY KEY("id")
) WITH OIDS;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "schema1"."function2" () RETURNS SETOF "pg_catalog"."record" AS
$body$
SELECT * FROM schema1.mens AS A, schema1.sexs AS B
WHERE A.sex_id = B.id;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'sql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;

SELECT schema1.function2();

function2
( 7 , 2 ,Наталья, 2 ,девушка)
( 6 , 1 ,Григорий, 1 ,парень)
( 5 , 2 ,Анна, 2 ,девушка)
( 4 , 2 ,Полина, 2 ,девушка)

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION schema1.get_mens()
  RETURNS SETOF schema1.mens AS
$BODY$
declare mens_row mens%rowtype;
	
begin
	for mens_row in select * from mens
	loop
		return next mens_row;
	end loop;
end;
$BODY$
 LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE;

create or replace function getusers() returns SETOF  mens as
 '
 select * from mens;
 '
 LANGUAGE 'SQL';

ERROR:  type "mens" does not exist

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "schema1"."getusers" () RETURNS SETOF "schema1"."mens" AS
$body$
select * from schema1.mens;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'sql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "schema1"."function4" () RETURNS SETOF RECORD AS
$body$
SELECT * FROM schema1.mens AS A, schema1.sexs AS B
WHERE A.sex_id = B.id;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'sql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;

SELECT schema1.function4(); - работает

SELECT * FROM schema1.function4(); - выдаёт ошибку
ERROR:  a column definition list is required for functions returning "record"

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "schema1"."function3" () RETURNS SETOF "pg_catalog"."record" AS
$body$
SELECT A.name, B.sex_name
FROM schema1.mens AS A, schema1.sexs AS B
WHERE A.sex_id = B.id;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'sql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;

SELECT * FROM schema1.function3() AS (f1 varchar( 100 ), f2 varchar( 100 ));

SELECT schema1.mens FROM schema1.mens;

ERROR:  missing FROM-clause entry for table "schema1"