with 	
test as (select 1 as id, '{1+,3+,4!,9-}'::text[] as polem
union select 2 as id, '{2+,4-,9-,16-}'::text[] as polem
union select 3 as id, '{1+,10+,15+,14+}'::text[] as polem
union select 4 as id, '{10К,21-}'::text[] as polem
)

SELECT
  id,
  -- polem,
  /*
  (SELECT (bb.zz, polem[bb.zz]) 
   FROM generate_series(array_lower(polem, 1), array_upper(polem, 1)) bb(zz) 
   WHERE polem[bb.zz] NOT LIKE '%+%'
   ORDER BY bb.zz
   LIMIT 1) AS ff,
  */
  (SELECT bb.zz 
   FROM generate_series(array_lower(polem, 1), array_upper(polem, 1)) bb(zz) 
   WHERE polem[bb.zz] NOT LIKE '%+%'
   ORDER BY bb.zz
   LIMIT 1) AS f1,
  (SELECT substring(polem[bb.zz] FROM '(\d+)')  
   FROM generate_series(array_lower(polem, 1), array_upper(polem, 1)) bb(zz) 
   WHERE polem[bb.zz] NOT LIKE '%+%'
   ORDER BY bb.zz
   LIMIT 1) AS f2
FROM test AS q
ORDER BY id