with recursive cte (id, name, path, parent_id) as (
  select     id,
             name,
             CAST(id AS CHAR(222)) AS path, /* пишем в строку путь */
             parent_id
  from       test1
  where      parent_id = 1 /* узел предка */
  union all
  select     p.id,
             p.name,
             CONCAT(cte.path, ' -> ', p.id),
             p.parent_id
  from       test1 p
  inner join cte
          on p.parent_id = cte.id
)
select * from cte;

WITH RECURSIVE employee_paths (id, name, path) AS
(
  SELECT id, name, CAST(id AS CHAR(200))
    FROM employees
    WHERE manager_id IS NULL
  UNION ALL
  SELECT e.id, e.name, CONCAT(ep.path, ',', e.id)
    FROM employee_paths AS ep JOIN employees AS e
      ON ep.id = e.manager_id
)
SELECT * FROM employee_paths ORDER BY path;