declare @customers table (id int, name varchar(20))
declare @orders table (id int, summa numeric(18,2), customerId int)
declare @payments table (customerId int, payment numeric(18,2))

insert @customers (id, name)
values 
(1, 'Первый'), 
(2, 'Второй'), 
(3, 'Третий'),
(4, 'Четвертый')

insert @orders (id, summa, customerId)
values 
(1, 10, 1), 
(2, 15, 1), 
(3, 20, 1), 
(4, 25, 1), 
(5, 12, 2), 
(6, 14, 2), 
(7, 200, 2), 
(8, 100, 3), 
(9, 200, 3)
insert @payments (customerId, payment)
values 
(1, 30), 
(2, 500), 
(3, 100), 
(4, 20)

select c.id as customer_id, c.name as customer_name
     , o.id as order_id, o.summa
     , max(o.slide_order_summ) over(partition by o.customerId) as total_order_summ
     , p.payment
     , p.payment - max(o.slide_order_summ) over(partition by o.customerId) as x_balance
  from @customers c
  join (
         select o0.*, v.slide_order_summ
           from @orders o0
          cross apply 
                (
                  select sum(summa) as slide_order_summ
                    from @orders o1
                  where o0.customerId = o1.customerId
                    and o0.id>= o1.id
                ) v
       )o
      on c.id = o.customerId
  join @payments p
    on c.id = p.customerId
 where o.slide_order_summ <= p.payment

select c.id as customer_id, c.name as customer_name
     , o.id as order_id, o.summa
     , max(o.slide_order_summ) over(partition by o.customerId) as total_order_summ
     , p.payment
     , p.payment - max(o.slide_order_summ) over(partition by o.customerId) as x_balance
  from @customers c
  join (
         select o0.*
              , sum(summa) over(partition by customerId order by id) as slide_order_summ
           from @orders o0
       )o
      on c.id = o.customerId
  join @payments p
    on c.id = p.customerId
 where o.slide_order_summ <= p.payment