Dim q                          As DAO.QueryDef
    Dim p                          As DAO.Parameter
    Set q = CurrentDb.QueryDefs( "ИмяЗапроса" )
    For Each p In q.Parameters
        Debug.Print p.name, p.Type
    Next p
    Set p = Nothing
    q.Close: Set q = Nothing

    Dim q                          As DAO.QueryDef
    Dim p                          As DAO.Parameter
    Set q = CurrentDb.QueryDefs( "ИмяЗапроса" )
    For Each p In q.Parameters
        p.Value = Eval(p.name)
    Next p
    q.Execute
    
    Set p = Nothing
    q.Close: Set q = Nothing

NOTE: You have to explicitly assign the parameter in DAO; you do not have to 
explicitly assign the parameter with the DoCmd.OpenQuery. The reason for this is 
that DAO uses low-level operations that give you more flexibility (that is, you can 
assign a variable to a parameter rather than a form's reference) but you have to 
do the housekeeping that Access does behind the scenes with DoCmd actions. On 
the other hand, the DoCmd actions operate at a higher level than DAO. When 
executing a DoCmd action, Microsoft Access makes some assumptions about what 
to do with parameters--you don't have any flexibility in making them accept a 
different value.