man bash
....

Shell Variables
The following variables are set by the shell:

PROMPT_COMMAND
If set, the value is executed as a command prior to issuing each
primary prompt.
PROMPT_DIRTRIM
If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the
number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding the
\w and \W prompt string escapes (see PROMPTING below).
Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
PS1 The value of this parameter is expanded (see PROMPTING below)
and used as the primary prompt string. The default value is ``\s-\v\$
''.
PS2 The value of this parameter is expanded as with PS1 and used as
the secondary prompt string. The default is ``> ''.
PS3 The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the select
command (see SHELL GRAMMAR above).
PS4 The value of this parameter is expanded as with PS1 and the value
is printed before each command bash displays during an execution
trace. The first character of PS4 is replicated multiple
times, as necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indirection. The
default is ``+ ''.


Ну а в какой файл ты их определения запихнёшь -- это уж по вскусу. обычно
..bash_rc или .bash_profile
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> Вставка этой команды в /etc/bashrc к успеху не приводит....
>
> А bash_profile у меня вроде как отсутствует! (когда ищу по WHEREIS)

А ты man bash прочитай на эту тему -- много нового узнаешь.
Их там порядка 5 штук, на вкус и цвет.
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