namespace WebApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            object obj = new object();
            obj = "Index-Get";
            return View(obj);
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Index(string Temp="")
        {
            object obj = new object();
            obj = "Index-Post";
            return View(obj);
        }
    }

<script type="text/javascript">
    // Сменили 
    function ChangePerson()
    {
        $("#idActLinkTemp").trigger("click");
    };

    function Init()
    {
        $("#idPersonSelect").bind("click", ChangePerson);
    }

    $(Init);

</script>

<div class="container-fluid">
    @using (Html.BeginForm("Index", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new { id = "idForm" }))
    {
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-6">
                <p>Метод контроллера: @((string)Model)</p>
                @Html.ActionLink("**** Переход по ActionLink ******", "Index", "Home",
                        null,
                        htmlAttributes: new { id = "idActLinkTemp" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-6">
                <button id="idPersonSelect" class="btn btn-default">Программный click</button>
            </div>
        </div>

    }
</div>  <!-- container-fluid -->