@RecordID = @@Identity

CREATE Procedure ИмяПроцедуры
(
    @Name   nvarchar( 50 ),
    @RecordID int OUTPUT
)
AS
INSERT INTO ИмяТаблицы
(
    Name
)

VALUES
(
    @Name,
)
SELECT
    @RecordID = @@Identity
GO

Public Function ИмяФункции(ByVal Name As String) As Integer
            Dim myConnection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
            Dim myCommand As New SqlCommand("ИмяПроцедуры", myConnection)

            myCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure

            ' Добавляем параметр в процедуру
            Dim parameterFullName As New SqlParameter("@Name", SqlDbType.NVarChar,  50 )
            parameterFullName.Value = Name
            myCommand.Parameters.Add(parameterFullName)

            Dim RecordID As New SqlParameter("@RecorID", SqlDbType.Int)
            RecordID.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output
            myCommand.Parameters.Add(RecordID)

            Try
                myConnection.Open()
                myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
            Catch err As Exception
                ' Ошибка :)
                Return - 1 
            Finally
                If myConnection.State = ConnectionState.Open Then
                    myConnection.Close()
                End If
            End Try
            Return CInt(RecordID.Value)
        End Function