Эмулятор
alarmManager.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), AlarmManager.INTERVAL_DAY, pendingIntent);
3-21 12:18:10.142 2737-2737/com.example.dmitres.myapplication D/myLogs: starting alarm
03-21 12:19:10.144 2737-2737/com.example.dmitres.myapplication D/myLogs: TIME!
03-21 12:19:10.147 2737-2737/com.example.dmitres.myapplication D/myLogs: got command

Телефон. Экран включен.
alarmManager.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), AlarmManager.INTERVAL_DAY, pendingIntent);
03-21 12:24:52.753 24156-24156/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: starting alarm

Телефон. Экран включен.
alarmManager.setAndAllowWhileIdle(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent);
03-21 12:27:50.876 26867-26867/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: starting alarm
03-21 12:29:56.486 26867-26867/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: TIME!
03-21 12:29:56.514 26867-26867/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: got command

Телефон. Экран выключен. Приложение не свернуто.
alarmManager.setAndAllowWhileIdle(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent);
03-21 12:31:50.342 30463-30463/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: starting alarm
03-21 12:32:50.353 30463-30463/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: TIME!

Телефон. Экран выключен. Приложение свернуто.
alarmManager.setAndAllowWhileIdle(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent);
03-21 12:34:43.720 32647-32647/com.example.dmitres.myapplication I/System.out: starting alarm

Doze restrictions
The following restrictions apply to your apps while in Doze:

Network access is suspended.
The system ignores wake locks.
Standard AlarmManager alarms (including setExact() and setWindow()) are deferred to the next maintenance window.
If you need to set alarms that fire while in Doze, use setAndAllowWhileIdle() or setExactAndAllowWhileIdle().
Alarms set with setAlarmClock() continue to fire normally — the system exits Doze shortly before those alarms fire.
The system does not perform Wi-Fi scans.
The system does not allow sync adapters to run.
The system does not allow JobScheduler to run.